The Origins Of Diamond

Diamond comes from the word "adamas", which in Greek means "invincible". Diamond is composed of pure crystallized carbon. It belongs to the category of minerals renowned for its hardness. It becomes the ultimate gemstone dominant by far the world jewelers. Diamond is a mineral made of carbon, which is the crystalline form at high pressure. Diamond crystallizes in a cubic form where each atom is connected to its four nearest neighbors, making it the hardest of all natural materials.

With brilliance and luster unmatched, diamond is the creator of dreams. His story begins at the time of ancient India as well as the success of the firm British colonial rule. But the global monopoly of the exploitation and trade of diamonds that has built this company from the beginning of the twentieth century has generated conflicts and lusts and evolved with technological changes and crises.

We experienced a dictionary offers the following definition: "The diamond is pure carbon crystallized insoluble burning in oxygen without leaving ashes, more refractive and no other refractory metal. The diamond scratches all bodies without being scratched, it can be cut and polished only with its own dust. "It is within the Earth's mantle that the diamond is crystallized in its beautiful transparent appearance, at a temperature above 1000 ° C as well as undergoing considerable pressure, the one found at depths from 150 to 1000 km. This is a Briton who showed that the diamond was pure carbon: in 1797 he proved that burning completely, a diamond, he exuded carbon dioxide whose weight was equal to that of diamond departure. The diamond shines like no other stone. It can have different colors, yellow, red, orange, green, blue, brown, sometimes black. This is the most beautiful gemstones, rare but also more expensive.

The first diamonds were transported from India to Europe through merchants in the Middle East, Phoenician. The discovery of kimberlites is recent, dating from just over a century. She helped launch in South Africa first, a second type of extraction more profitable mining. It is in the very old fragments of the base land that was discovered nearly 1500 such chimneys. The "cratons" - (Cf Larousse term for continental crust outside areas where the training takes place in the mountains) - best known today are between Canada and the Arctic, South America, Africa in northern Europe, Siberia, India, China, Australia. But most of these cratons is not always usable.

Finally, make artificial diamond is particularly difficult because it is necessary to reconstitute the conditions of pressure and temperature extremes.

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